Quiste epidermoide en conducto auditivo externo: reporte de caso / Epidermoid cysts of the external auditory canal: case report

Resumen El quiste epidérmico es una lesión benigna y común de la piel. Se desarrolla por un bloqueo de la unidad pilosebácea, con la consecuente proliferación de células epiteliales y secuestro de queratina. El 7% se desarrollan en cabeza y cuello, sin embargo, son infrecuentes en canal auditivo externo. Su patrón de crecimiento es lento y progresivo durante años, siendo asintomáticos. Al aumentar de tamaño causan sintomatología variable, acorde a su localización; en el canal auditivo tienen un comportamiento obstructivo que genera síntomas como otalgia e hipoacusia. Se presenta caso de una paciente de 69 años, con acúfeno e hipoacusia progresiva derecha. Durante la otoscopia se observó una neoformación obstructiva del 100% de la luz del conducto. Se realizaron estudios de imagen que reportaron tumoración de características quísticas de conducto auditivo derecho, bien circunscrita, sin erosión ósea. Para el diagnóstico definitivo, se realizó resección quirúrgica y biopsia reportando quiste epidérmico. Durante el seguimiento posoperatorio sin hallazgos de recidiva.

Abstract The epidermal cyst is a common and benign lesion of the skin. It develops due to a blockage of the pilosebaceous unit, with the consequent proliferation of epithelial cells and keratin sequestration. Seven percent develop in the head and neck; however, they are infrequent in the external auditory canal. Its growth pattern is slow and progressive over the years, being asymptomatic. As they increase in size, they cause variable symptoms, according to their location. In the ear canal they have an obstructive behavior that generates symptoms such as earache and hearing loss. A case of a 69-year-old female with tinnitus and progressive right hearing loss is presented. At otoscopy, a 100% obstructive neoformation of the canal lumen was observed. Imaging studies showed a well circumscribed, cystic tumor of the right ear canal, without bone erosion. For the definitive diagnosis, a resection and biopsy were performed, reporting an epidermal cyst. During follow up there was no recurrence of tumor.

Quiste epidermoide en vallécula glosoepiglótica. Reporte de casos / Epidermoid cyst in the glossoepiglottic vallecula: case report

Resumen Los quistes laríngeos son muy infrecuentes y en su mayoría de etiología benigna. Se reportan dos casos de pacientes adultos que presentaron lesiones quísticas en vallécula glosoepiglótica con diagnóstico histológico de quiste epidermoide. Los quistes epidermoides en vallécula pocas veces han sido reportados en la literatura, pueden ser asintomáticos o por su localización producir síntomas como sensación de ocupación faríngea, tos o incluso dificultad respiratoria.

Abstract Laryngeal cysts are very infrequent and mostly benign. Two cases are presented of adult patients who presented cystic lesions in the glossoepiglottic vallecula with histological diagnosis of epidermoid cyst. Epidermoid cysts in vallecula have rarely been reported in the literature, they can be asymptomatic or due to their location produce symptoms such as pharyngeal occupation sensation, cough or even respiratory difficulty.

Quiste epidérmico gigante de región perianal: reporte de un caso / Giant epidermal cyst of the perianal region: a case report

Introducción: Quiste epidermoide de inclusión es una lesión dérmica benigna frecuente, predominante en hombres de 30-40 años, originada por secuestro de restos epidérmicos, oclusión pilosebácea o implantación traumática de elementos epiteliales en la dermis.Caso clínico: Paciente femenino de 75 años de edad la cual presenta tumoración perineal de 4 años de evolución, con aumento progresivo en el último año ocasionando disconfort. Resonancia magnética nuclear, muestra lesión quística. Escisión quirúrgica incluyendo capsula en su totalidad. Anatomía patológica, quiste de inclusión epidérmica. Control a los 6 meses sin evidencia de recidiva.Conclusión: El quiste epidérmico gigante de inclusión perineal es raro, por lo cual hay que descartar otras patologías similares. El tratamiento quirúrgico debe evitar la escisión fraccionada e incluir la capsula en forma completa, de lo contrario la recidiva es una constante.

Introduction: The epidermoid inclusion cyst is a frequent benign dermal lesion, predominantly in men aged 30-40, caused by sequestration of epidermal remains, pilosebaceous occlusion or traumatic implantation of epithelial elements in the dermis.Case report: A 75-year-old female patient who has 4 years of evolution perineal tumor with a progressive increase in size in the last year causing discomfort. MRI shows a cyst lesion. Surgical excision including capsule. Pathological anatomy, epidermoid inclusion cyst. Following at 6 months without evidence of recurrence.Conclusion: The giant epidermoid cyst of perineum is rare, therefore we must rule out other similar pathologies. Surgical treatment should avoid fractional excision and include the capsule completely, otherwise recurrence is a constant.

Epidermoid Cyst of the IV Ventricle: Case Report

Epidermoid cysts constitute congenital, benign and rare lesions, corresponding to 0.2% to 1.8% of all intracranial tumors. Only 5% of the cases are located in the fourth ventricle. Despite their genesis in intrauterine life, they are usually diagnosed between the third and fifth decades of life due to their very slow growth pattern. The image weighted by the diffusion of the magnetic resonance is essential to establish the diagnosis. The ideal treatment consists of emptying the cystic content with complete capsule resection. In the present work, we report the case of a 31-year-old female with cerebellar syndrome that evolved with intracranial hypertension. The symptomatology was due to an obstructive hydrocephalus by an epidermoid cyst located inside the fourth ventricle, which was confirmed by the pathological anatomy.

Signo ecográfico de las capas de cebolla en el testículo / Onion Ring Sign in the Testicle

Resumen Los quistes epidermoides del testículo son tumores benignos que representarían aproximadamente el 1% de todas las masas testiculares. Clínicamente es una patología poco sintomática, que se presenta como un aumento de volumen testicular o es detectado en exámenes de rutina. La ecografía demuestra una lesión focal del testículo, ovalada, heterogénea, con múltiples capas lineales hiperecogénicas concéntricas que da el signo clásico de "capas de cebolla" o con morfología de "anillo", y que no presenta flujo al Doppler color (Figuras1,2y3). Cabe señalar también que se ha descrito la presencia de calcificaciones murales o una imagen hiperecogenica central como forma de presentación. Es necesario tener en cuenta que existen algunas publicaciones que describen casos aislados en que esta apariencia ecográfica característica podría también estar presente en teratomas, el cual sería su principal diagnóstico diferencial. La importancia del conocimiento de esa lesión radica en la alta probabilidad de ser una lesión benigna, que puede ser tratada con enucleación y no necesariamente requerir orquiectomia extendida, ya que hasta ahora, no existen reportes de malignización, diseminación ni recurrencia.

Quiste epidermoide de bazo / Splenic epidermoid cyst

Los quistes de bazo, entre ellos los quistes epidermoides, son una patología infrecuente, la cual ha aumentado su incidencia en los últimos años por el desarrollo de la imagenología. Las indicaciones y la táctica quirúrgica para seguir son motivo de controversia. La indicación de cirugía habitualmente se da por el tamaño, debido al potencial riesgo de infección, la rotura por traumatismos, el sangrado intraquístico, o en caso de presentarse el posible diagnóstico de quiste hidático esplénico. Presentamos el caso clínico de una paciente tratada en nuestro Servicio, quien fue sometida a una esplenectomía laparoscópica por un quiste esplénico, que se sospechaba fuera hidático. Sin embargo, del análisis patológico surgió que era un quiste epidermoide.

Splenic cysts, including epidermoid cysts, are rare disease; its incidence has increased in recent years as a result of the development of diagnostic imaging. The indications and surgical approach are controversial. Surgery is usually indicated on the basis of the size, due to the potential risk of infection, rupture due to trauma, intracystic bleeding, or possible diagnosis of splenic hydatid cyst. We report the clinical case of a female patient treated in our Service, who underwent laparoscopic splenectomy to remove a splenic cyst suspected to be hydatid. However, the pathological analysis revealed an epidermoid cyst.

Physiopathological Aspects of Sellar Epidermoid Cyst Determining Endocrine Disturbances: A Case Report

Epidermoid cysts (ECs) of the central nervous system (CNS) constitute benign circumscribed lesions that aremore common in lateral than in midline sites. Epidermoid cysts of the CNS arise more frequently in the cerebellopontine angle, around the pons, near the sella, within the temporal lobe, in the diploe, and in the spinal canal. Most common tumoral lesion of sellar region is pituitary adenoma, and sellar cystic epithelial masses may be difficult to differentiate based only on clinical and imaging findings. Epidermoid cysts are covered by keratinized squamous epithelium and are usually filled with keratin lamellae. The process is, for the most part, maldevelopmental in origin, presumably arising from trapped surface ectodermal elements in association with the developing CNS during the closure of the neural groove or formation of the secondary cerebral vesicles. In the present study, the authors describe a case of sellar epidermoid cyst producing endocrine alterations and visual disturbance in a 35 years woman, and review the physiopathological and diagnostic criteria of this lesion.

Proliferating trichilemmal cyst with clinical, radiological, macroscopic, and microscopic correlation

Abstract: Proliferating trichilemmal cyst is an uncommon neoplasm arising from the follicular isthmus, whose histopathological hallmark is the presence of trichilemmal keratinization. We describe a case of proliferating trichilemmal cyst in a 57-year-old woman with a broad clinical, radiological, macroscopic and microscopic correlation.

Quistes epidermoides de cabeza y cuello / Epidermoid cysts of the head and neck

Los quistes epidermoides localizados en cabeza y cuello son poco comunes y pueden ser difíciles de diagnosticar. Se describen los casos de cuatro pacientes con quistes epidermoides de cabeza y cuello, dos con localización en la región sublingual y extensión suprahioidea, otro localizado en la pared orofaríngea posterolateral y otro en la región submaxilar y submentoniana. Fueron tratados con éxito mediante abordajes transorales y transcervical, respectivamente. Se realizó una revisión de la bibliografía y se describieron las características anatómicas, clínicas e histológicas y el tratamiento de estas infrecuentes lesiones. (AU)

Epidermoid cysts of the head and neck are rare and can be difficult to diagnose. Two cases of patients with epidermoid cysts of the floor of the mouth with suprahyoid extension, other located at posterolateral oropharynx wall andother located at the submandibular and submental space with extention to midline are described. They were successfully treated by a transoral and transcervical approach respectively. A review of the literature was performed, and the anatomical, clinical and histological aspects and treatment of these uncommon tumors were reported. (AU)

Doença cística da adventícia na veia basílica: relato de caso / Basilic vein cystic adventitial disease: case report

Resumo A doença cística da adventícia é uma entidade rara que acomete principalmente a artéria poplítea. A ocorrência em veias é muito rara, e sua etiologia é desconhecida. Clinicamente, apresenta-se como isquemia, trombose ou dor a depender do território acometido. Apresentamos o caso de um paciente masculino jovem referindo nódulo no braço esquerdo. A angiorressonância magnética do membro mostrou lesão cística em contato com a veia basílica, com conteúdo homogêneo e sem realce pós-contraste. Foi realizada ressecção da lesão em bloco com o segmento venoso envolvido. O estudo anatomopatológico foi sugestivo de cisto de adventícia de veia basílica.

Abstract Cystic adventitial disease is a rare entity that most often involves the popliteal artery. It rarely occurs in veins. Its etiology is unknown. Clinically, it presents with ischemia, thrombosis or pain, depending on the vessel affected. Here we present the case of a young male with a nodule in the left arm. Magnetic resonance angiography showed a cystic lesion in contact with the basilic vein, with homogenous content without post-contrast enhancement. The lesion was resected en bloc together with the venous segment involved. The results of microscopic analysis were suggestive of basilic vein cystic adventitial disease.

Congenital epidermoid cysts of the anterior fontanel

Two cases of a congenital epidermoid cyst located over the anterior fontanel are reported in Tunisian white boys, aged 10 and 12 months. In both cases, cyst had manifested at birth as a small soft mass over the head which gradually enlarged. Radiological examinations revealed no intracranial extension. The cysts were completely excised without complications with good outcome. Review of the literature demonstrates that epidermoid cysts at this location have many common features and would appear to form a district entity

Concomitant bilateral testicular epidermoid cysts

Epidermoid cyst of the testis is a rare benign germ cell tumor, comprising 1-2% of all resected benign testicular masses. Approximately 300 cases have been reported to date. Unilateral involvement has often been reported in the English literature. However, bilateral occurrence is very rare and to the best of our knowledge, there are only 3 previous reports of bilateral testicular epidermoid cysts. The fact that they are completely benign makes them amenable to treatment by local excision, thereby saving patient from orchidectomy. Recognition of their characteristic ultrasonographic features is very important to avoid unnecessary intervention. We present here, a case of bilateral epidermoid cyst in which characteristic ultrasound US findings allowed testis-sparing enucleation instead of radical orchiectomy

Hyperdense intracranial epidermoid: an uncommon presentation.

A thirty year old female presented with sudden onset of severe headache, papilloedema and altered sensorium. Computerised tomography (CT) scan showed a hyperdense vermian mass in the posterior fossa. Operative findings and histological examination revealed spontaneous bleed into the epidermoid cyst. Difficulty in the preoperative diagnosis and uncommon presentation of the intracranial epidermoid cyst prompted us to report this case.